{"id":2454,"date":"2023-03-08T10:00:07","date_gmt":"2023-03-08T09:00:07","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/haertha.dev.neuekommunikation.de\/wordpress\/?post_type=verfahren&#038;p=2454"},"modified":"2025-10-16T06:46:57","modified_gmt":"2025-10-16T04:46:57","slug":"hardness-testing","status":"publish","type":"verfahren","link":"https:\/\/haertha.de\/en\/process\/hardness-testing\/","title":{"rendered":"Hardness test"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"verfahren-header-image-block_f5cb60be0272321aaddbac5b2c7e01b4\" class=\"verfahren-header-image\" >   \r\n\r\n    <div class=\"image-wrapper\">\r\n                    <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"img-fluid\" src=\"https:\/\/haertha.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Bild_Haertepruefung-1.png\" alt=\"\" \/>\r\n            <\/div>\r\n\r\n    \r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\n\n\r\n<div id=\"verfahren-text-block_f5a0e46181bd591af9368333c66d4711\" class=\"verfahren-text toc\" data-toctitle=\"Was ist die H\u00e4rtepr\u00fcfung?\" style=\"\">\r\n    <div class=\"row\">\r\n        <div class=\"col-12\">\r\n            <div class=\"content-wrapper\" >\r\n\r\n                            <div class=\"box\">\r\n                                            <div class=\"nummber\"> \r\n                            \r\n                        <\/div>\r\n                        \r\n                                            <h2 class=\"headline\">What is the hardness test?<\/h2>\r\n                                \r\n                <\/div>\r\n            \r\n                <div class=\"content-box texteditor\" style=\"\">                    \r\n                    <p><p class=\" translation-block\">The hardness test is a <strong>depth difference method<\/strong> that measures the resistance of the material to permanent deformation. For this purpose, a penetrator is pressed onto the material with a specific test force. The resulting <strong>penetration depth or the permanent impression in the test specimen is then measured<\/strong>, and the hardness value of the metal is calculated.<br>\n<br>\nThe <strong>different types of hardness tests<\/strong> are distinguished, on the one hand, by the shape and material of the penetrator. This body is usually made of steel, carbide, or diamond, and generally possesses a pyramidal, conical, or spherical shape. In addition, other distinguishing characteristics are the size and type of the load. The tests are furthermore categorised into <strong>static tests<\/strong> with a constant load, and <strong>dynamic tests<\/strong> with an impact load.<\/p>\n<\/p>\r\n                    <div class=\"acf-innerblocks-container\"><\/div>\r\n                    \r\n                    <style>\r\n                        .sonder-zeichen{\r\n                            display: flex;\r\n                            flex-direction: row;\r\n                            gap: 15px;\r\n                        }\r\n                        .zeichen{\r\n                            color: #C9C9C9;\r\n                            position: relative;\r\n                            line-height: 66px;\r\n                            font-size: clamp(2.75rem, 1.9766rem + 2.1484vw, 4.125rem);\r\n                        }\r\n                    <\/style>\r\n                    \r\n                <\/div>\r\n            <\/div>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\n\n\r\n<div id=\"verfahren-text-block_8de492de407ce9710e99d3b778cd20a9\" class=\"verfahren-text toc\" data-toctitle=\"Welche H\u00e4rtepr\u00fcfverfahren gibt es?\" style=\"\">\r\n    <div class=\"row\">\r\n        <div class=\"col-12\">\r\n            <div class=\"content-wrapper\" >\r\n\r\n                            <div class=\"box\">\r\n                                            <div class=\"nummber\"> \r\n                            \r\n                        <\/div>\r\n                        \r\n                                            <h2 class=\"headline\">What hardness testing methods are there?<\/h2>\r\n                                \r\n                <\/div>\r\n            \r\n                <div class=\"content-box texteditor\" style=\"\">                    \r\n                    <p><p class=\" translation-block\">The most widely used methods are the <strong>standardised static hardness tests<\/strong> as per Rockwell, Vickers, and Brinell. The use of these standard methods produces values that are internationally consistent and comparable.\n<br>\n<br><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #6ab651;\">Rockwell hardness test<\/span><\/h3>\n<p class=\" translation-block\"><strong>The Rockwell test provides a fast method for testing the hardness <\/strong>of metals, and produces values that can be read directly. While primarily suitable as a rapid test and for large material samples, this method is also used for more thorough tests such as the Jominy end-quench test.<br>\n<br>\nIn the Rockwell hardness test, a <strong>diamond cone<\/strong> is pressed into the material as a penetrator \u2013 initially with a preliminary force to avoid errors due to unclean surfaces, and then with the testing force. The resulting penetration depth determines the <strong>Rockwell hardness.<\/strong><br>\n<br>\nThe measurement units <strong>HR and HRC <\/strong>are commonly used. HR stands for Hardness\/Hardness Rockwell, while C stands for Cone \u2013 in addition to indicating the procedure, HRC thus also specifies the test head and the hardness scale.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/haertha.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/haertepruefung-rockwell_ENG-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"210\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-6120\" srcset=\"https:\/\/haertha.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/haertepruefung-rockwell_ENG-1.png 2000w, https:\/\/haertha.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/haertepruefung-rockwell_ENG-1-300x210.png 300w, https:\/\/haertha.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/haertepruefung-rockwell_ENG-1-1024x717.png 1024w, https:\/\/haertha.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/haertepruefung-rockwell_ENG-1-768x538.png 768w, https:\/\/haertha.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/haertepruefung-rockwell_ENG-1-1536x1075.png 1536w, https:\/\/haertha.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/haertepruefung-rockwell_ENG-1-18x12.png 18w, https:\/\/haertha.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/haertepruefung-rockwell_ENG-1-1106x774.png 1106w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><br \/>\n&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #6ab651;\">Vickers hardness test<\/span><\/h3>\n<p class=\" translation-block\"><strong>Generally suitable for all solid materials<\/strong>, the Vickers hardness test is also used in the metal industry, for example to control the quality of welds and edge layers. <strong>It can be used in both the macro and the micro range <\/strong>if the surface is ground flat.<br>\n<br>\nDuring a Vickers hardness test, a symmetrical diamond pyramid is used as a test head which, under the application of the test force, leaves an impression in the material under application of the test force.<br>\n<br>\nThe<strong> diagonals of this impression are measured optically and are used to determine the <\/strong>Vickers hardness (HV).<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-4802\" src=\"https:\/\/haertha.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/haertepruefung-vickers_ENG.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/haertha.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/haertepruefung-vickers_ENG.png 2000w, https:\/\/haertha.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/haertepruefung-vickers_ENG-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/haertha.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/haertepruefung-vickers_ENG-1024x1024.png 1024w, https:\/\/haertha.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/haertepruefung-vickers_ENG-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/haertha.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/haertepruefung-vickers_ENG-768x768.png 768w, https:\/\/haertha.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/haertepruefung-vickers_ENG-1536x1536.png 1536w, https:\/\/haertha.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/haertepruefung-vickers_ENG-12x12.png 12w, https:\/\/haertha.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/haertepruefung-vickers_ENG-1106x1106.png 1106w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #6ab651;\">Knoop hardness test<\/span><\/h3>\n<p class=\" translation-block\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-4794\" src=\"https:\/\/haertha.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/haertepruefung-knoop_ENG.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\"><br>\nThe Knoop hardness test is used mainly <strong>for brittle materials such as ceramics, and for coatings<\/strong>. An asymmetric pyramidal diamond serves as the test head, and presses down on the material with a slight force to prevent cracking, allowing penetration into thin layers. The <strong>Knoop hardness (HK)<\/strong> is derived from the optical measurement of the long diagonals.<br>\n<br><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-4794\" src=\"https:\/\/haertha.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/haertepruefung-knoop_ENG.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/haertha.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/haertepruefung-knoop_ENG.png 2000w, https:\/\/haertha.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/haertepruefung-knoop_ENG-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/haertha.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/haertepruefung-knoop_ENG-1024x1024.png 1024w, https:\/\/haertha.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/haertepruefung-knoop_ENG-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/haertha.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/haertepruefung-knoop_ENG-768x768.png 768w, https:\/\/haertha.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/haertepruefung-knoop_ENG-1536x1536.png 1536w, https:\/\/haertha.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/haertepruefung-knoop_ENG-12x12.png 12w, https:\/\/haertha.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/haertepruefung-knoop_ENG-1106x1106.png 1106w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #6ab651;\">Brinell hardness test<\/span><\/h3>\n<p class=\" translation-block\">The <strong>oldest common method for hardness testing<\/strong> is the Brinell test. It was developed by Johan August Brinell as early as 1900. The Brinell hardness test is suitable <strong>for materials with an inhomogeneous or coarse particle size distribution<\/strong>, and for large samples, because this test method creates a rather large impression. A ball made of tungsten carbide is used as the penetrator. Accordingly, the acronym <strong>HBW (Hardness Brinell Tungsten Carbide Ball Indenter)<\/strong> is used as the measurement unit.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-4790\" src=\"https:\/\/haertha.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/haertepruefung-brinell_ENG.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/haertha.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/haertepruefung-brinell_ENG.png 2000w, https:\/\/haertha.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/haertepruefung-brinell_ENG-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/haertha.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/haertepruefung-brinell_ENG-1024x1024.png 1024w, https:\/\/haertha.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/haertepruefung-brinell_ENG-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/haertha.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/haertepruefung-brinell_ENG-768x768.png 768w, https:\/\/haertha.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/haertepruefung-brinell_ENG-1536x1536.png 1536w, https:\/\/haertha.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/haertepruefung-brinell_ENG-12x12.png 12w, https:\/\/haertha.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/haertepruefung-brinell_ENG-1106x1106.png 1106w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<\/p>\r\n                    <div class=\"acf-innerblocks-container\"><\/div>\r\n                    \r\n                    <style>\r\n                        .sonder-zeichen{\r\n                            display: flex;\r\n                            flex-direction: row;\r\n                            gap: 15px;\r\n                        }\r\n                        .zeichen{\r\n                            color: #C9C9C9;\r\n                            position: relative;\r\n                            line-height: 66px;\r\n                            font-size: clamp(2.75rem, 1.9766rem + 2.1484vw, 4.125rem);\r\n                        }\r\n                    <\/style>\r\n                    \r\n                <\/div>\r\n            <\/div>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\n\n\r\n<div id=\"verfahren-text-block_44ad0a9a3d9f2583b2c215a6e2499492\" class=\"verfahren-text toc\" data-toctitle=\"Wann wird welches Pr\u00fcfverfahren genutzt?\" style=\"\">\r\n    <div class=\"row\">\r\n        <div class=\"col-12\">\r\n            <div class=\"content-wrapper\" >\r\n\r\n                            <div class=\"box\">\r\n                                            <div class=\"nummber\"> \r\n                            \r\n                        <\/div>\r\n                        \r\n                                            <h2 class=\"headline\">When is each test method used?<\/h2>\r\n                                \r\n                <\/div>\r\n            \r\n                <div class=\"content-box texteditor\" style=\"\">                    \r\n                    <p><p class=\" translation-block\">Which of the four methods for hardness testing is used depends primarily on the <strong>type of material, hardness, and treatments<\/strong> of the workpiece. Other factors are the homogeneity of the structure and the size of the component.<br>\n<br>\nIt is important that <strong>the section of the material to be tested is representative of the entire workpiece<\/strong>. If the microstructure is particularly heterogeneous, the test area must be correspondingly large.<br>\n<br>\nThe choice of hardness testing can furthermore depend on standards as well as the number of samples and the required <strong>accuracy of the test result<\/strong>.<br><\/p>\n<\/p>\r\n                    <div class=\"acf-innerblocks-container\"><\/div>\r\n                    \r\n                    <style>\r\n                        .sonder-zeichen{\r\n                            display: flex;\r\n                            flex-direction: row;\r\n                            gap: 15px;\r\n                        }\r\n                        .zeichen{\r\n                            color: #C9C9C9;\r\n                            position: relative;\r\n                            line-height: 66px;\r\n                            font-size: clamp(2.75rem, 1.9766rem + 2.1484vw, 4.125rem);\r\n                        }\r\n                    <\/style>\r\n                    \r\n                <\/div>\r\n            <\/div>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\n\n\r\n<div id=\"verfahren-text-block_09c293f20bab8ffb28928db436943414\" class=\"verfahren-text toc\" data-toctitle=\"Was wird bei der H\u00e4rtepr\u00fcfung gemessen?\" style=\"\">\r\n    <div class=\"row\">\r\n        <div class=\"col-12\">\r\n            <div class=\"content-wrapper\" >\r\n\r\n                            <div class=\"box\">\r\n                                            <div class=\"nummber\"> \r\n                            \r\n                        <\/div>\r\n                        \r\n                                            <h2 class=\"headline\">What is measured during the hardness test?<\/h2>\r\n                                \r\n                <\/div>\r\n            \r\n                <div class=\"content-box texteditor\" style=\"\">                    \r\n                    <p><p class=\" translation-block\">The result for the hardness derives from <strong>different parameters that vary with the selected hardness test<\/strong>. In addition to the distinction between static and dynamic hardness testing, the static methods are further divided into depth measurement methods and optical measurement methods.<br>\n<br><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #6ab651;\">Dynamic hardness testing<\/span><\/h3>\n<p class=\" translation-block\">During dynamic hardness tests, the <strong>force exerted by the test head is applied abruptly<\/strong>. The <strong>Leeb rebound method<\/strong> (ISO 16589), for example, is performed by shooting a sphere at the material to be tested, and then measuring the <strong>height of the rebound<\/strong>.<br>\n<br>\nAnother example is the <strong>UCI method<\/strong> (DIN 50159-1), which is short for Ultrasonic Contact Impedance. This method <strong>measures the resonance displacement<\/strong> of an ultrasonic vibration rod, which results from the contact of the test head with the material surface.<br><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #6ab651;\">Depth measurement methods<\/span><\/h3>\n<p class=\" translation-block\">The <strong>Rockwell method<\/strong> (HR) is a depth measurement method standardised as per ISO 6508. Brinell (HBT) and Vickers (HVT) can also be measured by depth. However, these procedures are not standardised. It is common to all procedures that they measure <strong>the test head's depth of penetration<\/strong>.<br>\n<br><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #6ab651;\">Optical measurement methods<\/span><\/h3>\n<p class=\" translation-block\"><strong>Brinell<\/strong> (ISO 6506), <strong>Knoop<\/strong> (ISO 4545) and <strong>Vickers<\/strong> (ISO 6507) take measurements using optical measurement methods based on norms and standards. These methods <strong>measure the impression size<\/strong> that the test head leaves behind in the material. This measurement is followed by the calculation of the hardness based on a formula.<\/p>\n<\/p>\r\n                    <div class=\"acf-innerblocks-container\"><\/div>\r\n                    \r\n                    <style>\r\n                        .sonder-zeichen{\r\n                            display: flex;\r\n                            flex-direction: row;\r\n                            gap: 15px;\r\n                        }\r\n                        .zeichen{\r\n                            color: #C9C9C9;\r\n                            position: relative;\r\n                            line-height: 66px;\r\n                            font-size: clamp(2.75rem, 1.9766rem + 2.1484vw, 4.125rem);\r\n                        }\r\n                    <\/style>\r\n                    \r\n                <\/div>\r\n            <\/div>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\n\n\r\n<div id=\"verfahren-text-block_2426312e953d961826602e460409ee2e\" class=\"verfahren-text toc\" data-toctitle=\"Die Pr\u00fcfkraft bei der H\u00e4rtepr\u00fcfung\" style=\"\">\r\n    <div class=\"row\">\r\n        <div class=\"col-12\">\r\n            <div class=\"content-wrapper\" >\r\n\r\n                            <div class=\"box\">\r\n                                            <div class=\"nummber\"> \r\n                            \r\n                        <\/div>\r\n                        \r\n                                            <h2 class=\"headline\">The test force applied in the hardness test<\/h2>\r\n                                \r\n                <\/div>\r\n            \r\n                <div class=\"content-box texteditor\" style=\"\">                    \r\n                    <p><p class=\" translation-block\">The test force applied during the hardness test is defined as <b>the force with which the penetrator acts on the material to be tested<\/b>. The greater the impression remaining in the material, the greater the accuracy of the measurement. For testing, it is therefore advisable to always use the maximum permissible test force.<\/p>\n<p class=\" translation-block\"><br>\nTest forces are <b>officially specified in Newton (N)<\/b>, but are often measured internally in gramme force (gf), kilogramme force (kgf) or pond (p). 1 kgf equals 1,000 p or 9.81\nN. Above and below 1 kgf the hardness test is classified as a <b>macrohardness test<\/b>, and below this value it is a <b>microhardness test<\/b>.<\/p>\n<\/p>\r\n                    <div class=\"acf-innerblocks-container\"><\/div>\r\n                    \r\n                    <style>\r\n                        .sonder-zeichen{\r\n                            display: flex;\r\n                            flex-direction: row;\r\n                            gap: 15px;\r\n                        }\r\n                        .zeichen{\r\n                            color: #C9C9C9;\r\n                            position: relative;\r\n                            line-height: 66px;\r\n                            font-size: clamp(2.75rem, 1.9766rem + 2.1484vw, 4.125rem);\r\n                        }\r\n                    <\/style>\r\n                    \r\n                <\/div>\r\n            <\/div>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\n\n\r\n<div id=\"verfahren-text-block_a8f15597e2de33e080559a7404507c39\" class=\"verfahren-text toc\" data-toctitle=\"Genauigkeit und Reproduzierbarkeit\" style=\"\">\r\n    <div class=\"row\">\r\n        <div class=\"col-12\">\r\n            <div class=\"content-wrapper\" >\r\n\r\n                            <div class=\"box\">\r\n                                            <div class=\"nummber\"> \r\n                            \r\n                        <\/div>\r\n                        \r\n                                            <h2 class=\"headline\">Accuracy and reproducibility<\/h2>\r\n                                \r\n                <\/div>\r\n            \r\n                <div class=\"content-box texteditor\" style=\"\">                    \r\n                    <p><p class=\" translation-block\">Only <strong>proper procedure<\/strong> ensures the accuracy and reproducibility of hardness tests. As a general rule, <strong>if the test force is low then an exact result usually requires consideration of more parameters<\/strong>. The following factors must be taken into account:<br><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>A controlled environment (temperature, humidity, vibrations, etc.)<\/li>\n<li><strong>Calibration of the test device<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>No impurities on the material or test device<\/li>\n<li class=\" translation-block\">The <strong>test device and the test head respectively must be<\/strong> aligned <strong>horizontal and perpendicular to the material surface<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>The material sample must be fixed stably in place<\/li>\n<li class=\" translation-block\"><strong>Constant lighting conditions<\/strong> are important for optical measurement methods<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/p>\r\n                    <div class=\"acf-innerblocks-container\"><\/div>\r\n                    \r\n                    <style>\r\n                        .sonder-zeichen{\r\n                            display: flex;\r\n                            flex-direction: row;\r\n                            gap: 15px;\r\n                        }\r\n                        .zeichen{\r\n                            color: #C9C9C9;\r\n                            position: relative;\r\n                            line-height: 66px;\r\n                            font-size: clamp(2.75rem, 1.9766rem + 2.1484vw, 4.125rem);\r\n                        }\r\n                    <\/style>\r\n                    \r\n                <\/div>\r\n            <\/div>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\n\n\r\n<div id=\"verfahren-text-block_82a1f3ed5079f5f248fedf9cfc27701b\" class=\"verfahren-text toc\" data-toctitle=\"Die Oberfl\u00e4chenpr\u00e4paration bei der H\u00e4rtepr\u00fcfung\" style=\"\">\r\n    <div class=\"row\">\r\n        <div class=\"col-12\">\r\n            <div class=\"content-wrapper\" >\r\n\r\n                            <div class=\"box\">\r\n                                            <div class=\"nummber\"> \r\n                            \r\n                        <\/div>\r\n                        \r\n                                            <h2 class=\"headline\">Surface preparation for the hardness test<\/h2>\r\n                                \r\n                <\/div>\r\n            \r\n                <div class=\"content-box texteditor\" style=\"\">                    \r\n                    <p><p class=\" translation-block\">In many cases, the execution of a hardness test requires the surface to be prepared accordingly. This preparation can involve <strong>chemical, electrochemical, or mechanical processes<\/strong>. It is important that the properties of the material surface to be tested remain <strong>unchanged<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p class=\" translation-block\">The quality of the surface preparation has a direct <strong>effect on the accuracy of the test result<\/strong>. Which method is suitable depends on the condition of the material surface and on the type of hardness test, the penetrator used, and the test force.<\/p>\n<p class=\" translation-block\">Preparation is not necessarily required for a <strong>macrohardness test <\/strong>(test force above 1 kgf). <strong>Fine grinding <\/strong>will suffice in most cases. In contrast, the surface to be subjected to a microhardness test (test force below 1 kgf) must be polished <strong>mechanically or by means of electrolysis<\/strong>. The objective is a clearly visible edge for the optical measurement of the impression.<br>\n<br><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #6ab651;\">Deformations during preparation<\/span><\/h3>\n<p class=\" translation-block\"><strong>Deformations can occur during sampling <\/strong>and must be polished \u2013 with an accuracy of 6.3 \u03bcm to 1 \u03bcm, depending on the planned test force. <strong>The lower the test force, the lower the number of permissible deformations<\/strong>. Below 300 gf, the surface must be free of deformations or damage.<br>\n<br>\nDepending on the planned hardness test, the following steps may be necessary for surface preparation:<br><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hardness testing method<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Surface preparation<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Rockwell (macrohardness test)<\/td>\n<td>No surface preparation, grinding<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Brinell (macrohardness test)<\/td>\n<td>Grinding, polishing or lapping<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Vickers (macrohardness test)<\/td>\n<td>Grinding<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Vickers (microhardness test)<\/td>\n<td>Mechanical, polishing electropolishing<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Knoop (microhardness test)<\/td>\n<td>High-gloss polishing, electropolishing<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/p>\r\n                    <div class=\"acf-innerblocks-container\"><\/div>\r\n                    \r\n                    <style>\r\n                        .sonder-zeichen{\r\n                            display: flex;\r\n                            flex-direction: row;\r\n                            gap: 15px;\r\n                        }\r\n                        .zeichen{\r\n                            color: #C9C9C9;\r\n                            position: relative;\r\n                            line-height: 66px;\r\n                            font-size: clamp(2.75rem, 1.9766rem + 2.1484vw, 4.125rem);\r\n                        }\r\n                    <\/style>\r\n                    \r\n                <\/div>\r\n            <\/div>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\n\n\r\n<div id=\"verfahren-text-block_5b3fbcd6bb63fd2319556b66c8be47f0\" class=\"verfahren-text toc\" data-toctitle=\"Anwendungsbereiche von H\u00e4rtepr\u00fcfungen\" style=\"\">\r\n    <div class=\"row\">\r\n        <div class=\"col-12\">\r\n            <div class=\"content-wrapper\" >\r\n\r\n                            <div class=\"box\">\r\n                                            <div class=\"nummber\"> \r\n                            \r\n                        <\/div>\r\n                        \r\n                                            <h2 class=\"headline\">Areas of application for hardness tests<\/h2>\r\n                                \r\n                <\/div>\r\n            \r\n                <div class=\"content-box texteditor\" style=\"\">                    \r\n                    <p><p class=\" translation-block\">The hardness test plays a major role in the <strong>quality assurance applied by various industries<\/strong>, as it can often be carried out in a nearly non-destructive manner.<\/p>\n<p class=\" translation-block\">The <strong>metal industry in particular commonly relies on this testing method <\/strong>, for example as a means to examine welds or verify the success of heat treatments and surface finishes. In addition, the hardness test is also of relevance in the area of positive material identification (PMI).<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/p>\r\n                    <div class=\"acf-innerblocks-container\"><\/div>\r\n                    \r\n                    <style>\r\n                        .sonder-zeichen{\r\n                            display: flex;\r\n                            flex-direction: row;\r\n                            gap: 15px;\r\n                        }\r\n                        .zeichen{\r\n                            color: #C9C9C9;\r\n                            position: relative;\r\n                            line-height: 66px;\r\n                            font-size: clamp(2.75rem, 1.9766rem + 2.1484vw, 4.125rem);\r\n                        }\r\n                    <\/style>\r\n                    \r\n                <\/div>\r\n            <\/div>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\n\n\r\n<div id=\"verfahren-text-block_213ffd1cf5bdec270f3809afe9dd891b\" class=\"verfahren-text toc\" data-toctitle=\"Verfahrensstandorte\" style=\"\">\r\n    <div class=\"row\">\r\n        <div class=\"col-12\">\r\n            <div class=\"content-wrapper\" >\r\n\r\n                            <div class=\"box\">\r\n                                            <div class=\"nummber\"> \r\n                            \r\n                        <\/div>\r\n                        \r\n                                            <h2 class=\"headline\">Process locations<\/h2>\r\n                                \r\n                <\/div>\r\n            \r\n                <div class=\"content-box texteditor\" style=\"\">                    \r\n                    <p><p class=\" translation-block\">At H\u00e4rtha, we use hardness tests for quality assurance at all locations. Refer to our <a href=\"https:\/\/haertha.de\/en\/standorte\/\" target=\"_self\">interactive location<\/a> overview to also learn the metal processing processes which we offer at locations near you.<\/p>\n<\/p>\r\n                    <div class=\"acf-innerblocks-container\"><\/div>\r\n                    \r\n                    <style>\r\n                        .sonder-zeichen{\r\n                            display: flex;\r\n                            flex-direction: row;\r\n                            gap: 15px;\r\n                        }\r\n                        .zeichen{\r\n                            color: #C9C9C9;\r\n                            position: relative;\r\n                            line-height: 66px;\r\n                            font-size: clamp(2.75rem, 1.9766rem + 2.1484vw, 4.125rem);\r\n                        }\r\n                    <\/style>\r\n                    \r\n                <\/div>\r\n            <\/div>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":5988,"menu_order":603,"template":"","verfahrenstechnik":[11],"class_list":["post-2454","verfahren","type-verfahren","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","verfahrenstechnik-zusatzleistungen"],"acf":{"text_cta":"Die H\u00e4rtepr\u00fcfung dient in der Metallindustrie zur Bestimmung der H\u00e4rte eines Materials. Daraus k\u00f6nnen Eigenschaften wie die Festigkeit, Z\u00e4higkeit und Verschlei\u00dffestigkeit abgeleitet werden. Zur Bestimmung des H\u00e4rtewerts wird mit unterschiedlichen Methoden die Eindringh\u00e4rte gemessen. Die H\u00e4rtepr\u00fcfung ist ein Mittel, um zu beurteilen, ob sich ein Material f\u00fcr den gew\u00fcnschten Einsatzzweck oder f\u00fcr geplante weitere Behandlungsschritte eignet.\r\n\r\nDie H\u00e4rterei H\u00e4rtha bietet H\u00e4rtepr\u00fcfungen mit modernsten Ger\u00e4ten und nach verschiedenen Verfahrensweisen an. Vertrauen Sie auf eine professionelle Qualit\u00e4tssicherung nach h\u00f6chsten Standards. Wir freuen uns auf Ihre Anfrage.","contact_location":[12,254,49,244,260,248,252,256,250,9859,11495,12944],"materials":"on","tablepress":[{"tabellen_name_":"H\u00e4rtepr\u00fcfung","tabelpress_shortcode":"[table id=56 \/]"}]},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>H\u00e4rtepr\u00fcfung Ihrer Werkstoffe | H\u00c4RTHA GROUP<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"H\u00e4rtepr\u00fcfung Ihrer Werkstoffe im Labor \u2713 Was ist die H\u00e4rtepr\u00fcfung? \u2713 H\u00e4rtepr\u00fcfverfahren erkl\u00e4rt \u2713 Messverfahren.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/haertha.de\/en\/process\/hardness-testing\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"H\u00e4rtepr\u00fcfung Ihrer Werkstoffe | H\u00c4RTHA GROUP\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"H\u00e4rtepr\u00fcfung Ihrer Werkstoffe im Labor \u2713 Was ist die H\u00e4rtepr\u00fcfung? \u2713 H\u00e4rtepr\u00fcfverfahren erkl\u00e4rt \u2713 Messverfahren.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/haertha.de\/en\/process\/hardness-testing\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"H\u00c4RTHA GROUP\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-10-16T04:46:57+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/haertha.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Bild_Haertepruefung-1-1024x1024.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1024\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1024\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/haertha.de\/it\/processi\/prova-di-durezza\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/haertha.de\/verfahren\/haertepruefung\/\",\"name\":\"H\u00e4rtepr\u00fcfung Ihrer Werkstoffe | H\u00c4RTHA GROUP\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/haertha.de\/it\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/haertha.de\/verfahren\/haertepruefung\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/haertha.de\/verfahren\/haertepruefung\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/haertha.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Bild_Haertepruefung-1.png\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-03-08T09:00:07+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-10-16T04:46:57+00:00\",\"description\":\"H\u00e4rtepr\u00fcfung Ihrer Werkstoffe im Labor \u2713 Was ist die H\u00e4rtepr\u00fcfung? \u2713 H\u00e4rtepr\u00fcfverfahren erkl\u00e4rt \u2713 Messverfahren.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/haertha.de\/verfahren\/haertepruefung\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/haertha.de\/verfahren\/haertepruefung\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/haertha.de\/verfahren\/haertepruefung\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/haertha.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Bild_Haertepruefung-1.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/haertha.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Bild_Haertepruefung-1.png\",\"width\":2000,\"height\":2000},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/haertha.de\/verfahren\/haertepruefung\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Startseite\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/haertha.de\/it\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Verfahren\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/haertha.de\/it\/processi\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"H\u00e4rtepr\u00fcfung\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/haertha.de\/it\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/haertha.de\/it\/\",\"name\":\"H\u00c4RTHA GROUP\",\"description\":\"Hardening Industries H\u00e4rterei H\u00c4RTHA GROUP.\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/haertha.de\/it\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Hardness Test of your Materials | H\u00c4RTHA GROUP","description":"Hardness testing of your materials in the laboratory \u2713 What is hardness testing? \u2713 Hardness testing methods explained \u2713 Measuring methods.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/haertha.de\/en\/process\/hardness-testing\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"H\u00e4rtepr\u00fcfung Ihrer Werkstoffe | H\u00c4RTHA GROUP","og_description":"H\u00e4rtepr\u00fcfung Ihrer Werkstoffe im Labor \u2713 Was ist die H\u00e4rtepr\u00fcfung? \u2713 H\u00e4rtepr\u00fcfverfahren erkl\u00e4rt \u2713 Messverfahren.","og_url":"https:\/\/haertha.de\/en\/process\/hardness-testing\/","og_site_name":"H\u00c4RTHA GROUP","article_modified_time":"2025-10-16T04:46:57+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1024,"height":1024,"url":"https:\/\/haertha.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Bild_Haertepruefung-1-1024x1024.png","type":"image\/png"}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/haertha.de\/it\/processi\/prova-di-durezza\/","url":"https:\/\/haertha.de\/verfahren\/haertepruefung\/","name":"Hardness Test of your Materials | H\u00c4RTHA GROUP","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/haertha.de\/it\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/haertha.de\/verfahren\/haertepruefung\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/haertha.de\/verfahren\/haertepruefung\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/haertha.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Bild_Haertepruefung-1.png","datePublished":"2023-03-08T09:00:07+00:00","dateModified":"2025-10-16T04:46:57+00:00","description":"Hardness testing of your materials in the laboratory \u2713 What is hardness testing? \u2713 Hardness testing methods explained \u2713 Measuring methods.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/haertha.de\/verfahren\/haertepruefung\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/haertha.de\/verfahren\/haertepruefung\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/haertha.de\/verfahren\/haertepruefung\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/haertha.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Bild_Haertepruefung-1.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/haertha.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Bild_Haertepruefung-1.png","width":2000,"height":2000},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/haertha.de\/verfahren\/haertepruefung\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Startseite","item":"https:\/\/haertha.de\/it\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Verfahren","item":"https:\/\/haertha.de\/it\/processi\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"H\u00e4rtepr\u00fcfung"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/haertha.de\/it\/#website","url":"https:\/\/haertha.de\/it\/","name":"H\u00c4RTHA GROUP","description":"Hardening Industries H\u00e4rterei H\u00c4RTHA GROUP.","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/haertha.de\/it\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/haertha.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/verfahren\/2454","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/haertha.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/verfahren"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/haertha.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/verfahren"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haertha.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/9"}],"version-history":[{"count":117,"href":"https:\/\/haertha.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/verfahren\/2454\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12491,"href":"https:\/\/haertha.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/verfahren\/2454\/revisions\/12491"}],"acf:post":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haertha.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/standorte\/12944"},{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haertha.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/standorte\/11495"},{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haertha.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/standorte\/9859"},{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haertha.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/standorte\/250"},{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haertha.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/standorte\/256"},{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haertha.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/standorte\/252"},{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haertha.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/standorte\/248"},{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haertha.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/standorte\/260"},{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haertha.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/standorte\/244"},{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haertha.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/standorte\/49"},{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haertha.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/standorte\/254"},{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haertha.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/standorte\/12"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haertha.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5988"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/haertha.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2454"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"verfahrenstechnik","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haertha.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/verfahrenstechnik?post=2454"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}